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29 Nov 2024

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Thematic Research Group

Thematic Research Group (TRG) is a focused, productive, and impactful research group within a faculty dedicated to strengthening research capacity and improving the quality of education, research, and community service.

Enhance academic reputation

Boosts university’s prestige through excellence in research, teaching, and community engagement

attract international students & lecturers

Draws global talent by offering diverse, inclusive, and high-quality educational opportunities

strengthen collaboration partners

Fosters robust partnerships through shared research, resources, and innovative projects

Prof. Dr. Ir. Jamaluddin Jompa, M.Sc
Rector of Hasanuddin University

About TRG

strengthen the research capacity of each faculty

At Universitas Hasanuddin (UNHAS), a Thematic Research Group (TRG) is a focused, productive, and impactful research group within a faculty dedicated to strengthening research capacity and improving the quality of education, research, and community service. TRGs are led by a leader and are characterized by their focus on specific research themes, active engagement in research activities, and contributions to the advancement of knowledge, innovation, and societal problem-solving.

The TRG will be led by a leader and integrated with several strategic programs, for example:

Research Group

A team of experts collaborating to advance knowledge and solve complex scientific problems.

Agro Complex

Integrates agricultural sciences to enhance sustainable farming, food production, and rural development

3. Research Group of Local Livestock Genetic Resources
4. Smallholder Livestock Farming System Research Group

Social Science

Studies human behavior, societies, and social relationships to understand and improve societal dynamics

Science and Engineering

Advances technology and scientific knowledge through innovative research and practical applications

3. Airport Engineering and Multimodal Transportation Research Group
8. Green Hydrogen Energy Technology Research Group
11. Structural and Earthquake Engineering Research Group
13. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure Research Group
17. Applied Aerodynamic Research Group
23. Housing and Settlement Research Group
26. Computing and Data Mining Research Group
27. AI Robotics Research Group
32. Flowslide and Liquefaction Research Group

Medical and Health Science

Focuses on improving health outcomes through medical research, clinical practice, and public health initiatives

6. Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Research Group
8. Nephro and Nutrition Research Group
9. Neurogenetics Research Group
11. Neonatal Care Research Group
12. Spatial Epidemiology and Syndemic Research Group
14. Malaria Vaccine Research Group
15. Immuno-Oncology Research Group
1. Drug Efficacy and Medication Safety Research Group
4. Natural Product Drug Discovery Research Group
7. Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group
3. Holistic Nursing For Chronic Diseases Research Group
4. Mental Health In Vulnerable Populations Research Group
5. Neuro-Oncology Nursing Researh Group
6. Nursing Management & Healthcare Quality Research Group

Vocational

Provides practical skills and training for specific trades and professions to enhance employability

Multidisciplinary

Combines multiple academic disciplines to address complex problems with comprehensive, integrated approaches

latest research

the research we have done

Our research has significantly advanced knowledge in various fields, contributing to innovative solutions and groundbreaking discoveries

The study provides a framework for improving customer engagement strategies to increase profitability and competitive advantage in the highly competitive café secto

This study raises strategic issues regarding the success of small and medium weaving businesses by examining the impact of innovation on the relationship between the business environment and the success of small and medium businesses that produce traditional Sengkang ikat weaving.

This research investigates noise levels in heterogeneous traffic conditions at median U-turns in Makassar. Due to mixed vehicle types, frequent braking, acceleration, and congestion, these areas often experience high noise pollution. The study measures noise levels at selected U-turn locations, analyzes contributing factors such as vehicle composition, speed variations, and traffic density, and evaluates their impact on surrounding areas. Findings aim to provide insights into urban noise pollution, contributing to better traffic management and urban planning strategies. The research also explores potential mitigation measures to reduce noise disturbances and improve environmental quality in rapidly developing urban settings like Makassar.

The development of the Air Quality Protection and Management Plan Report for Makassar City, in collaboration with the Makassar City Environmental Agency, aims to formulate strategies for maintaining and improving air quality in the urban area of Makassar. This report includes an analysis of air pollution sources, air quality monitoring, and policy recommendations for mitigating pollution impacts. The study considers factors such as transportation, industry, and urban activities that contribute to air quality degradation. The report is expected to serve as a reference for local governments in designing sustainable environmental management policies and encouraging public participation in preserving air quality for the health and well-being of Makassar’s residents.

This research focuses on measuring and identifying the concentration of airborne microplastics in indoor environments. It aims to characterize microplastics based on their shape, color, and size, providing insights into their presence and distribution. Additionally, the study identifies the polymer types to understand their potential sources and implications for indoor air quality. By analyzing airborne microplastics, this research contributes to assessing human exposure risks and developing strategies for indoor pollution control. The findings will support further studies on microplastic contamination and its impact on health, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices to reduce microplastic emissions indoors.

This research as a strategy to obtain increased growth and production of oil palm plants using empty fruit bunch compost and liquid waste which is used as an organic fertilizer for oil palm plants as well as a solution in the utilization of waste economically. In addition the research is an effort to reduce negative impacts in order to realize an environmentally sound industry.

Pembukaan perkebunan kelapa sawit pada skala yang besar akan mempengaruhi cadangan karbon yang tersimpan disekitar lingkungan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang masih dalam kondisi yang alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) Mengestimasi sebaran cadangan karbon dan serapan CO2 pada perkebunan kelapa sawit (2) Memperoleh informasi mengenai sebaran cadangan karbon dan serapan CO2 melalui penggunaan drone pada perkebunan kelapa sawit (3) Menjelaskan bahwa keberadaan perkebunan kelapa sawit berperan dalam mengurangi tingkat CO2 di lingkungan.

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost and NPK fertilizer on the growth of 2-year-old immature oil palm plants. The usefulness of this research is that it can be used as information material about the use of oil palm empty fruit bunch waste that is good for the growth of oil palm plants and the use of NPK fertilizers on immature oil palm plants aged 2 years so that it can be a reference.

The research aims to determine and study the effect of giving composition of soil and palm oil waste compost and the population density of Actinomycetes sp in palm oil waste compost on the growth of seedlings. This research was conducted in Sumber Harum Village, Mappedeceng District, North Luwu Regency.

This research aims to study the enrichment of oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar using Actinomycetes bacteria.

The research aims to study the interaction effect of oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar with wastewater fermentation on the growth and production of oil palm plants. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Center for Research Activities (PKP), Hasanuddin University.

South Sulawesi, Indonesia's top rice-producing province, has been tasked by the president to bolster rice production, especially in Eastern Indonesia. However, climate change poses significant challenges, necessitating resilience efforts to maintain stable output. Hasanuddin University (Unhas) plays a key role in these efforts, collaborating with international partners like Taiwan’s International Cooperation and Development Fund (ICDF) and the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to develop agronomic solutions for smallholder farmers.

A focal point of this collaboration is the digitalization of rice farming, particularly through IRRI’s WeRise system, which predicts rice productivity and optimal planting times to mitigate climate change impacts. However, the system’s data in South Sulawesi is outdated, limited to 2018 and one location, and relies on older rice varieties less effective against climate change. To address this, the WeRise system requires updating with refined climatological data from Maros and Gowa Regencies and field experiments using IRRI’s Oryza v3 crop model for early maturing rice varieties.

This research, part of ICDF-Unhas’ roadmap, aims to enhance climate resilience in rice production. ICDF provides weather data, IRRI offers guidance, and Unhas hosts the research. Expected outcomes include international publications, crop data for early maturing varieties, and strengthened collaboration between Unhas and IRRI, positioning Unhas as a contributor to global rice development.

Pangkep, January 31, 2025 - PT Semen Tonasa received the 2024 environmental monitoring report from the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) research team. The report was handed over at the PT Semen Tonasa office in Pangkep, attended by company representatives and the Pangkep Regency Environmental Agency.

The EIA research team independently collected and analyzed environmental quality data around the PT Semen Tonasa operational area, covering air, water, soil, and biodiversity. This report contains data and recommendations for improving environmental management.

PT Semen Tonasa is committed to transparency and accountability in environmental management, routinely conducting monitoring and reporting the results to the government and the public. This report is expected to be the basis for PT Semen Tonasa and related parties to continue improving environmental protection efforts in Pangkep Regency.

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) research team held a meeting to discuss the progress of their ongoing research at PT Semen Tonasa. The meeting was attended by all team members, including researchers, data analysts, and environmental experts.

The main purpose of this meeting was to evaluate the data that has been collected, identify initial findings, and formulate next steps in the research process. The EIA research team routinely conducts monitoring and data collection around the operational area of PT Semen Tonasa to assess the impact of the company's activities on the environment.

This program is a dairy product commercialization program that collaborates with the industry to develop products produced by the laboratory.

Diversification of cheese for health purposes, such as functional cheese for food as prebiotic and anti-cancer food, needs to be done to increase the utility value of the product. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strain ropy is one of the lactic acid bacteria that produces polysaccharides excreted outside the cell, called exopolysaccharides (EPS). EPS can be used as a food additive (stabilizer, binder, and increase the viscosity and rheometric of yoghurt. Our previous research showed that EPS from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus is an antitumor and can inhibit and kill tumor cells, anti-cholesterol, and other health benefits. This research will be conducted by performing ripening techniques on cheese, diversifying South Sulawesi Traditional Cheese (Dangke) with inoculation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. The purpose of this study is to produce new cheese variants from the modification of traditional Dangke cheese, which are functional cheeses, as well as to extend the shelf life of the product and make this product an original Indonesian cheese.

The coating is needed to manufacture hard cheese to prevent the formation of a hard layer on the outside. So far, coatings made of wax have been used, which must be removed when the cheese is to be processed or consumed. If the wax is not removed and is eaten, it will cause health problems, so the coating material should be made of edible materials, such as honey wax. However, making cheese in large quantities causes constraints on raw materials, such as honey wax, and its price is relatively high. Therefore, in this study, edible film coating material was made from whey, a by-product of cheese making. Whey is a by-product of dangke processing and is also obtained from the cheese-making industry after separating casein and fat during milk sedimentation. Whey is one of the materials that can be used as an edible film. Edible film is a thin layer that coats food products (coating) that can be consumed with the coated product. Processing edible film made only from whey will produce less good edible film characteristics, such as not being transparent, easily brittle, and inflexible. The characteristics of a good edible film are
transparency, flexibility and not easily brittle. Konjac flour and carrageenan
are polysaccharides that improve the characteristics of edible film. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the edible film made from dangke whey, such as dissolution time, tensile strength, elongation, thickness, gelation time, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) with a combination of konjac flour and carrageenan as a hard cheese layer

The development of prebiotic cheese products is also one solution for utilizing milk production in South Sulawesi, considering there is no milk processing industry in this area. Therefore, cheese with several variants, functions as a functional food, and has a relatively long shelf life should be produced so that the product's marketing is broader. This would seek market opportunities for export purposes and reduce cheese imports, thereby reducing the waste of foreign exchange, increasing the economy, and providing opportunities for developing the dairy industry in Indonesia.

Indonesia needs animal protein to increase national food security and resilience. One of the government's policies in fulfilling national food needs is to improve the diversity of food consumption, including protein consumption. Dangke is a traditional cheese product from Enrekang, South Sulawesi, which is made from fresh milk curdled using papaya latex (Carica papaya). The target to be achieved in this study is to produce Dangke Cheese products and their diversification, which are downstream and applied to the industry managed by the Milk Processing Unit of the Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University as the forerunner of industry in supporting the Center of Excellence of the Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University in the Development of Animal Protein Products.

This study aims to obtain functional pasteurized milk with the addition of matoa leaf extract (Pometia pinnata).

This study aims to evaluate EPS production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ropy strain at various incubation temperature conditions.

Dangke is one of the typical foods of Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi, made from fresh cow or buffalo milk. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are found in fermented milk starter cultures, such as those used in making dangke. LAB has an important role in the fermentation process as a starter culture that provides a distinctive taste, aroma, and texture to the final product and provides various health benefits. The types of LAB commonly used as starter cultures in fermented milk are Streptococcus lactis, Str. diasetilactis, Str. cremoris, Str. durans and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subs. bulgaricus. In addition, LAB is a microorganism that has the potential to produce exopolysaccharides, which play an important role in fermented milk products through their gel-forming and thickening properties. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are polymers produced by microorganisms such as bacteria that have promising health potential, including their activity as antitumors. However, not all types of LAB can produce EPS. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to isolate bacteria from the starter culture of fermented milk dangke, identify and characterize the EPS produced, and evaluate the potential of EPS as an antitumor. This study is expected to be a comprehensive reference for future EPS development. This study was conducted for 3 years, where; in the 1st year, the isolation and characterization of starter culture bacteria from dangke will be carried out; in the 2nd year, the extraction/purification and characterization of EPS will be carried out, and in the 3rd year the evaluation of EPS antitumor activity will be carried out through in vitro and in vivo tests. In addition to the final report, this study is expected to be able to produce publications in 3 reputable international journals and participate in the International Seminar.

Aflatoxins (AFs) are naturally toxic compounds produced by a specific type of fungi. They subsequently contaminate foods and animal feeds and are potentially carcinogenic to humans. However, when fungi produce AFB1 and animals digest contaminated feed, their liver metabolizes the AFB1 into hydroxylated aflatoxin AFM1, which is secreted into milk if the animal is milking. This study aims to control the possibility of contamination and the risk of aflatoxin in raw milk materials and Dangke cheese products during the processing of Dangke cheese.

Lactobacillus lactis is one of the starter cultures for fermented cheese. This study aims to see the potential of Dangke cheese to be developed into hard and functional cheese.

This research explores the potential health benefits of incorporating yellow pumpkin leaves and seaweed into noodles, with the aim of addressing iron-deficiency anaemia prevalent among adolescent girls.​ The study is especially pertinent considering the nutritional challenges faced in this demographic group, offering a palatable and accessible dietary option to improve iron intake. In this research, the nutritional profile of yellow pumpkin leaves and seaweed is examined, highlighting their rich content of vital nutrients such as iron and other vitamins beneficial for blood health. The research also evaluates acceptance, micronutrient content, and the shelf-life of developed noodles.

The process involves formulating noodles that retain the nutrient density of these ingredients while ensuring that taste and texture appeal to young consumers. The study seeks not only to fortify a common dietary staple but also to provide a sustainable and culturally acceptable food solution that could be implemented on a large scale.

The implication of this research is to set a precedent for using easily accessible, locally and readily available resources in combating public health issues. The results of this study could potentially influence policy and inspire further research into alternative food-based interventions for anaemia and other deficiencies. Overall, this innovative approach emphasises the role of diet in preventive healthcare and the importance of tailoring nutritional strategies to meet the needs of specific at-risk populations, particularly young females highly susceptible to iron deficiency anaemia

The evolution of technology and the proliferation of smartphone users is changing the way people access financial management services. Bank Indonesia as a financial management service provider in the form of SiApik digital accounting consistently innovates in developing products and services tailored for users to improve the financial performance of MSMEs, thereby achieving Indonesia's national financial inclusion target of 90 percent by 2024. We identify important factors that can influence the continued intention of MSMEs to use the SiApik application to realize financial inclusion. This research develops a technology acceptance model that is widely used today, namely the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), UTAUT has been identified as the most comprehensive model in overcoming the limitations of technology acceptance models. The results showed that the factors that influence MSME actors to adopt digital accounting, namely the SiApik application, are digital financial literacy, digital benefits and perceived ease of use of digital. This study is expected to provide recommendations to the government, especially Bank Indonesia as a service provider and responsible for the national financial inclusion target. This research makes a new contribution by extending the Digital Technology Acceptance Model (DTAM) to include digital financial literacy (DFL) as an important factor influencing the adoption of digital accounting (SiApik) in MSMEs. This research addresses a critical gap in understanding how digital literacy impacts financial inclusion in developing countries.

QRIS, developed by Bank Indonesia (BI), aims to realize financial digitalization in response to the demands of the Industrial Revolution 5.0, which emphasizes the interplay between humans and machines. Therefore, people must adapt to increasingly sophisticated technological advancements. As a prominent financial technology (Fintech) product, QRIS has gained significant traction, attracting considerable interest and offering benefits to entrepreneurs. This study investigates, identifies, and tests the key factors influencing MSMEs' continued intention to use QRIS as a digital transaction tool by developing a multidimensional model incorporating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Task-Technology Fit (TTF) framework. The findings suggest that MSME users can gain enhanced experiences from using technology and technology services, specifically QRIS, more easily. The ubiquitous nature of mobile banking allows customers to access a wide range of banking services quickly, securely, and conveniently, reflecting positively on both the perceived usefulness of the technology and the quality of its functions.

Participating in the national seminar and Community Service (SEMRIPMAS) as a presenter with the paper title STRATEGIC TOURISM AREA DEVELOPMENT IN GOWA REGENCY: STAKEHOLDERS ANALYSIS on Wednesday , December 4, 2024 at the LPPM Building, Hasanuddin University.

The background of this paper is that tourism is one of the sectors that continues to grow and is taken into account in the province of South Sulawesi. The impact of the increase in tourist visits to the province of South Sulawesi in 2023 recorded economic growth of 5.14% ( year of year ), higher than the national level which was recorded at 5.50% ( year of year ) (Bank Indonesia, 2020). Although in November 2023, 1,132 foreign tourist visits to South Sulawesi decreased by 3.66 percent compared to October 2023 with 1,175 visits, the Room Occupancy Rate (TPK) of star-classified hotels in South Sulawesi in November 2023 increased from 53.69 percent in October 2023 to 57.39 percent in November 2023.

Gowa Regency is one of the regencies in South Sulawesi with various great potentials for tourism development and has several areas that are included in one of the National Tourism Strategic Areas (KSPN). The Gowa Regency Government also responded and encouraged various tourist destinations to develop, through the Regional Regulation of the Gowa Regency Government Number 2 of 2022 concerning the Regional Tourism Development Master Plan (RIPPARDA). Regarding the Development of Tourism Destinations, tourist attractions in Gowa Regency are grouped into Regency Tourism Destinations (DPK) which are divided into strategic tourism areas, namely the Regency Tourism Strategic Area (KSPK) with the aim of more targeted development and management.

One of the KSPKs being developed by the Gowa district government is the Tinggimoncong KSPK and its surroundings. The Tinggimoncong KSPK and its surroundings are a magnet for the Highlands tourism destination in Gowa. The large number of stakeholders in this area, both at the local community level, between local governments, and the central government, is the biggest challenge for tourism development.

As part of the Tinggimoncong highland area, the development of KSPK Malino and its surroundings is important in supporting tourism development in the core tourism zone of the Tinggimoncong highland area. The development of the district's strategic tourism area in Tinggimoncong and its surroundings is not enough to just map the potential and offer existing tourist attractions. The large number of stakeholders makes the management of KSPK Tinggimoncong and its surroundings a complex undertaking.

Based on the research results, there are 14 stakeholders consisting of the government, both categories of institutions at the national, provincial, district, sub-district, village, community, and private levels through destination management, corporate social and environmental responsibility funds, to other rights such as tourism entrepreneurs, educational institutions, and the media.

The stakeholder analysis resulted in four classifications of regional stakeholders, including (a) key players , namely the Gowa Tourism and Culture Office, the Gowa Regency Regional Planning Agency, (b) subjects , consisting of the Malino Pokdarwis and companies, namely Perum Perhutani, PLN, PTPN XIV (c) context setters , including the Ministry of Tourism at the Central Government level, the South Sulawesi BKSDA and the South Sulawesi BPCB at the Provincial Government level, and the Public Works and Spatial Planning Office, (d) crowds , including sub-district governments, the Gowa Agriculture Office, the Gowa DLH, the Gowa BPBD, the Gowa Disperindag, the Gowa Dinsospmd, tourism entrepreneurs, media, educational institutions, NGOs, health facility providers.

This research takes place in the Selayar Islands Regency and involves various stakeholders in the tourism sector throughout the year 2024. It aims to explore the role of digital transformation in ensuring the sustainability of the tourism industry in the region. By examining the adoption of digital technologies, innovations, and strategies implemented by tourism-related businesses, government agencies, and local communities, this study seeks to understand how digitalization can enhance operational efficiency, market reach, and overall resilience in the face of evolving global tourism trends.

This study is a collaborative effort between Hasanuddin University (Unhas) and the Department of Tourism, Youth, and Sports of Southwest Papua Province. It is designed to develop a strategic institutional model that optimizes the potential of the tourism sector in the region. By examining the existing governance structures, stakeholder roles, and policy frameworks, the research aims to identify key challenges and opportunities in tourism management.

Furthermore, this study explores best practices in sustainable tourism development, integrating digital transformation, community engagement, and regulatory improvements to enhance the overall effectiveness of tourism governance. The findings are expected to provide actionable recommendations for policymakers, tourism operators, and local communities, ensuring a well-coordinated, efficient, and sustainable approach to tourism development in Southwest Papua Province.

Agricultural waste contains many bioactive compounds that can be used for functional purposes, such as antioxidants, dietary fibers, or proteins. In the context of agricultural engineering, this project focuses on developing efficient and environmentally-friendly processes, including fermentation, pyrolysis, and extraction of bioactive compounds.

The PKM-UH activity carried out in Bontolerung Village, Tinggimoncong District is Training and mentoring in preparing business plans for managers of river and forest tourism objects based on local communities in Gowa Regency. The partner's problem is: the community has land around the river and forest and intends to manage it as a tourist attraction. However, they do not have the skills to manage business and insight related to environmental conservation such as rivers and forests.

The purpose of the training is to provide knowledge and skills to the community about preparing business plans, microfinance, marketing and organizational governance. Providing awareness to the community about the need for balance in managing the environment (rivers and forests) as a tourist attraction that has economic value while maintaining its sustainability in the future. As well as the formation of a community community that manages river and forest tourism based on the community. Carrying out business partnerships with companies in order to build facilities along the river and forest. The method of implementing the activity is a model of community involvement and providing technical skills in business planning. The result of the implementation of PKMUH is that there are 27 people who have completed the training and formed a community of river and forest tourism object managers based on the community. This activity produces outputs: an article in the Sinta 4 Edunomika Journal, news in the electronic media Fajar and Herald Makassar as well as a Book and HAKI.

Workers in inter-island trade in various regions of Indonesia have various characteristics, depending on the type of trade, economic sector, and specific geographic region. In general, in Indonesia, workers in this sector can be identified by several characteristics. First, involvement in various sectors, such as the economy, including trade in goods, services, agriculture, fisheries, and other industries. They can be traders, fishermen, farmers, freight drivers, traditional market traders, and so on. Second, their mobility is very high. They often have to travel between islands to market goods, find customers, or carry out other trading activities. This mobility can involve the use of ships, motorboats, trucks, or other means of transportation. Third, unstable working conditions. Many inter-island trade workers work
informally. This means that they may not have permanent jobs with strong social security or welfare. Most of them are self-employed or daily laborers. Fourth, Dependence on
seasons and weather. For those involved in the agricultural or fisheries sectors, their work is greatly influenced by seasons and weather. They must adapt to changes in seasons and weather to carry out their trading activities. This greatly affects the level of
household income so that they are often on the poverty line. Fifth, there is
social cohesion in a strong social network system.
Inter-island trade workers often rely on strong social networks to obtain information about business opportunities, customers, and other resources. Interpersonal relationships and trust in this network are very important. Even then it has become a system as ethical values ​​in business.
Business ethics are related to the form and basis of moral judgments, as well as standards and ethics of behavior in situations involving business decisions (Vitell & Davis 1990a). Business ethics studies are mostly normative with empirical research forms currently
more dominant (Randall & Gibson 1990; Robertson 1993). In South Sulawesi, in the inter-island trade system there is a pattern of management of work relations between business/ship owners called Punggawa (boss) and Ship Crew/Workers called Sawi.
This traditional work relationship system is a reference in management of coastal and marine resources, although the government has built a modern management system. The
traditional fisheries management system can be found in several regions in Indonesia with
different terms, such as Sasi in Maluku, Panglima Laot in Aceh, Juragan Pandega in
Java (Indar, 2005).
The pattern of cooperation between the two actors in this patron-client model
has a uniqueness that can be seen as values ​​in business/trading ethics. Although in the perspective of equality and justice, the wage system and profit sharing seem quite lame for Sawi workers. This form of relationship is almost the same in several forms of business activities, such as seafood trade, fishing businesses and
commodity transportation services. This then makes the level of welfare of Sawi workers unchanged when compared to the economic conditions of the Punggawa (Alpiani,
2019). However, on the other hand, although this relationship pattern is considered not
to fulfill a sense of justice, it has been going on for hundreds of years in almost
all coastal areas and islands in South Sulawesi.
This study will examine the characteristics of workers and the ethical values ​​of Inter-Island Trade business, in three business sectors, namely Trading Business, Fishing Business (PagaE) and Freight Transportation Service Business. The scope of the study is related to a number of worker characteristics, namely in addition to being crew members/workers who carry out certain tasks during the voyage, they also act as traders when the ship stops
at an archipelago. Through this study, it is expected to obtain an understanding of the typology of worker characteristics, both those related to aspects of their main work and aspects related to their role as inter-island traders. And can explain the problem of implementing business ethics values ​​that fulfill justice and welfare in the inter-island trade system.
The research method is descriptive-quantitative with Chi Square analysis tools. The products produced are articles in reputable international journals/Scopus and HAKI certificates for a book.

This study examines the role of funding policies and social capital in enhancing human resource investment, innovation, and entrepreneurial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Makassar City. It explores how access to financing, government support, and business networks contribute to SME competitiveness. The research aims to identify key factors that influence the effectiveness of these policies and provide recommendations for improving SME growth and sustainability.

This study develops the concept of Brand Resonancing Capability as a mediating variable in the relationship between social media marketing and the marketing performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in South Sulawesi Province. The research aims to analyze how the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies can enhance brand resonance, ultimately improving MSME marketing performance.

This study examines the impact of e-marketing strategies on the competitiveness and business development of women's cooperatives and micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in South Sulawesi during the digital transformation era. It explores how digital marketing tools, such as social media, e-commerce platforms, and online branding, influence business growth, market expansion, and competitive advantage. The findings aim to provide insights into effective digital strategies to empower women's entrepreneurship and enhance the sustainability of their businesses.

Output:. Financial Literacy and Culture on Entrepreneurial Performance Through Financial Behavior and Investment Decisions (case of Micro and Small Enterprises ni East Kalimantan)

Place: Manila, Philippes

Time: 26 th & 27 th January, 2023

This research examines the application of Electromyography Dentosmart (EMG Dentosmart) in assessing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) muscle contraction strength as an early detection tool for skeletal and dentoalveolar malocclusion in children during their growth phase. By utilizing advanced EMG technology, this research aims to improve early diagnosis and intervention strategies for orthodontic and craniofacial development disorders.

(Internal Research Grant of Hasanuddin University 2022)

This study explores the effectiveness of chitosan toothpaste and chewable lozenges made from white shrimp shells (Litopenaeus vannamei) in reducing Streptococcus mutans, a major bacterium responsible for Early Childhood Caries (ECC). By utilizing the antibacterial properties of chitosan, this research aims to develop natural, innovative oral care solutions for preventing and managing ECC in children.

(Internal Research Grant of Hasanuddin University 2020)

This study evaluates the application of Electromyography Dentosmart (EMG Dentosmart) in measuring temporomandibular joint (TMJ) muscle contraction strength to detect skeletal and dentoalveolar malocclusion in children during their growth phase. By utilizing EMG technology, the research aims to provide an early diagnostic approach for identifying orthodontic issues, supporting timely intervention and treatment.

(Research and Community Service Grant by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology 2021)

The Stunting SuperApp is an innovative one-stop digital platform designed to support stunting prevention and management in Indonesia. This application integrates data monitoring, nutritional guidance, healthcare access, and educational resources to enhance early detection and intervention efforts. By leveraging technology, the Stunting SuperApp aims to improve public health strategies, streamline coordination among stakeholders, and provide effective solutions to reduce stunting rates nationwide.

(Internal Research Grant of Hasanuddin University 2023)

This research aims to develop bioactivators derived from superior microbes and jabon leaf extracts to increase biodiversity and control shoot death disease in Sulawesi Red Jabon plants (endemic). Bioactivators are expected to act as biological agents that improve soil health, increase plant growth, and suppress the development of pathogens that cause shoot death disease. In the first year, the focus of the research included isolation and selection of superior microbes, extraction of active compounds from jabon leaves, and testing the effectiveness of bioactivators in increasing plant resistance and controlling disease. The results of this research are expected to provide sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions for the cultivation of more productive and healthy Sulawesi Red Jabon.

This research focuses on the effectiveness of a combination of various biofertilizer products in supporting the growth of ebony (Diospyros celebica) seedlings, while reducing the impact of environmental degradation. Biofertilizers are biofertilizers that contain beneficial microorganisms to improve soil fertility and the efficiency of nutrient absorption by plants.

In this context, the study will test different combinations of biofertilizers to determine the extent to which they can enhance the growth of ebony seedlings, in terms of height, stem diameter, and root health. In addition, the study also aims to evaluate the role of biofertilizers in reducing the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers that often contribute to environmental pollution.

The results of this study are expected to provide sustainable solutions in land rehabilitation efforts and support ebony conservation programs, which is one of Sulawesi's valuable and endemic timber species. The findings may also contribute to the development of more environmentally friendly agricultural and forestry technologies.

The study focuses on optimizing the application of biofertilizers and biocompost associated with the rhizosphere of Hopea celebica, an endemic tree species found in karst regions. The goal is to enhance plant growth by leveraging beneficial microorganisms present in the root zone (rhizosphere) of this endemic species, potentially aiding in its conservation and the rehabilitation of karst ecosystems.

This study investigated the application of biofertilizer technology to increase organic fertilizer production in Barru District. Biofertilizers, which contain beneficial microorganisms, can improve plant nutrition and growth. This approach aims to promote sustainable agriculture by reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers, improving soil health, and increasing crop yields. Organic fertilizer production makes use of organic waste such as livestock manure and agricultural waste. The technology involves processes such as propagation of microbial inoculants, allocation of raw materials, and special fertilizer formulas. This study considers the use of agricultural and livestock waste in Seppee Village, Barru District, for the production of organic fertilizer and then produces a product branded BIOVOS, which is a liquid and solid Biofertilizer product that has been treated with Bioactivator.

This study aims to further elaborate on the potential of 3D printing technology for application in the replication of archaeological remains at both site and regional scales in a sustainable manner. By exploring the technological, cultural, and economic aspects of 3D printing, this research seeks to assess its effectiveness in preserving and promoting heritage while maintaining ecological and historical integrity.

Specifically, the study focuses on designing an optimal utilization model for 3D printing technology based on tourist perceptions. Through an in-depth analysis of co-creation value and feasibility, this research aims to identify the most effective strategies for integrating 3D printing into heritage tourism. The ultimate goal is to support the development of a sustainable ecotourism concept, ensuring that digital heritage replication enhances visitor experiences while fostering conservation awareness and local engagement in the Geopark Maros-Pangkep area.

The Selayar Islands Regency possesses a strong maritime identity, as it is the only region in South Sulawesi that is entirely separated from the mainland, consisting of a cluster of small islands. This unique geographical characteristic has shaped the region’s deep connection to its marine heritage, making the preservation of its maritime cultural legacy a crucial aspect of local development.

Given the significance of this heritage, continuous efforts are needed to enhance its conservation through the advancement of knowledge and technology. The integration of innovative approaches, sustainable practices, and digital tools can play a vital role in safeguarding Selayar’s rich maritime traditions while ensuring they remain relevant and beneficial for future generations.

Phenomics is an emerging field focused on characterizing a species' complete set of phenotypes. Image-based phenotyping, a key tool in this domain, enables the analysis of plant traits such as anatomy, growth, shape, and surface features across various organs like leaves and roots. This method significantly accelerates the screening and selection process, reducing the time required from weeks to mere minutes or even seconds. As a result, identifying drought- and salinity-tolerant plants becomes more efficient. This study aims to develop a simple, user-friendly, image-based phenotyping method in Indonesia for screening drought- and salinity-tolerant rice varieties. The research will evaluate eight rice varieties over three years: Year I involves hydroponic cultivation, Year II includes pot testing, and Year III focuses on field trials in dry, saline, and normal conditions. The goal is to identify key morphological, physiological, and phenotypic traits that contribute to stress tolerance, which will then inform the development of image-based phenotyping selection methods for rice.

Rice development is a critical priority for ensuring food security in Indonesia. Hasanuddin University (UNHAS), as a leading higher education institution, is actively engaged in agrocomplex tridarma activities aimed at enhancing rice productivity. One of the key strategic initiatives in this domain is the IP 400 concept, which promotes planting rice four times in a single season on the same land. This approach is designed to boost production through the use of early-maturing rice varieties. However, the IP 400 concept faces challenges, including increased resistance to plant pests, soil degradation due to excessive inorganic fertilizer use, and potential environmental harm. To address these issues, the development of a sustainable agricultural system is essential. This includes optimizing fertilization methods by integrating compost and organic-inorganic fertilizers, alongside the use of early-maturing rice seeds.

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer application plays a crucial role in determining rice productivity and grain quality, influencing starch structure, gene expression related to grain quality, and amino acid metabolism. However, the effectiveness of N fertilizer depends on precise and careful evaluation. Smart farming technologies, such as drone-based crop monitoring, offer a promising solution. While drones have been widely adopted in modern agriculture, their application in the context of sustainable IP 400 systems remains underexplored. This research aims to bridge this gap by optimizing the IP 400 concept through improved fertilization strategies and the integration of early-maturing rice varieties, supported by smart farming techniques. By leveraging drone technology for precise crop evaluation, this study seeks to enhance the productivity and sustainability of the IP 400 system, ensuring long-term food security and environmental resilience in Indonesia.

The post-harvest handling of raw cacao materials plays a critical role in determining the quality of chocolate and its derived products. Fermentation, as a key step in post-harvest processing, significantly influences the flavor, aroma, and overall quality of cacao beans. However, in many local cacao-producing regions, traditional methods of fermentation and post-harvest handling often lead to inconsistencies in quality, resulting in suboptimal intermediate and final products. Enhancing these processes through the adoption of improved, locally adaptable technologies can not only elevate the quality of cacao but also increase the economic value of the final products. The aim of this project is to enhance the post-harvest handling of fermented raw cacao materials and optimize processing techniques to produce high-quality intermediate and final chocolate products using locally available technologies. This will involve improving fermentation protocols, drying methods, and storage conditions to ensure consistency and quality. The project also emphasizes knowledge transfer and capacity building to empower stakeholders with the skills needed to maintain and improve cacao quality throughout the value chain.

The development of aquatic-based food through technological innovation offers a promising avenue to enhance nutritional quality, particularly for children, while leveraging the abundance of local marine resources. Traditional foods such as otak-otak, a surimi-based delicacy, Kambu Crab, a signature dish of the Pangkep community, and Surabi, a traditional pancake, serve as ideal platforms for integrating nutrient-rich fish into daily diets. By applying modern food processing technologies, these traditional recipes can be transformed to improve their nutritional profiles, incorporating essential proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients vital for child growth and development. Technological advancements in food preservation, texture modification, and flavor enhancement can also address challenges related to shelf life, palatability, and consumer acceptance. This innovative approach not only supports the preservation of cultural heritage but also promotes the sustainable use of underutilized aquatic resources. Furthermore, it empowers local communities by creating value-added products that can improve livelihoods and food security. Through this initiative, the goal is to combine tradition and technology to develop accessible, nutrient-dense foods that address malnutrition and foster healthier futures for children.

This study was conducted to provide a document on the potential utilization of swamp land for rice cultivation, including data from swamp land surveys and an optimization design for swamp land in locations deemed suitable for optimization. This document serves as a basis for the implementation of swamp land optimization construction. Thus, it can be used as a policy reference for development planners in South Sulawesi Province.

This research explores the potential health benefits of incorporating yellow pumpkin leaves and seaweed into noodles, with the aim of addressing iron-deficiency anaemia prevalent among adolescent girls.​ The study is especially pertinent considering the nutritional challenges faced in this demographic group, offering a palatable and accessible dietary option to improve iron intake. In this research, the nutritional profile of yellow pumpkin leaves and seaweed is examined, highlighting their rich content of vital nutrients such as iron and other vitamins beneficial for blood health. The research also evaluates acceptance, micronutrient content, and the shelf-life of developed noodles.

The process involves formulating noodles that retain the nutrient density of these ingredients while ensuring that taste and texture appeal to young consumers. The study seeks not only to fortify a common dietary staple but also to provide a sustainable and culturally acceptable food solution that could be implemented on a large scale.

The implication of this research is to set a precedent for using easily accessible, locally and readily available resources in combating public health issues. The results of this study could potentially influence policy and inspire further research into alternative food-based interventions for anaemia and other deficiencies. Overall, this innovative approach emphasises the role of diet in preventive healthcare and the importance of tailoring nutritional strategies to meet the needs of specific at-risk populations, particularly young females highly susceptible to iron deficiency anaemia

The study was aimed at exploring the potential effects of combining traditional anti-tuberculosis drugs with pumpkin seed capsules. This research is predicated on the premise that natural products such as pumpkin seeds may have adjunctive therapeutic benefits in the treatment of tuberculosis, potentially enhancing the efficacy of standard drug regimens.

By analysing sputum samples, the study seeks to measure the bacterial load in tuberculosis patients undergoing this combined treatment approach. The intent is to determine if the inclusion of pumpkin seed capsules, known for their nutritional benefits and possible antimicrobial properties, can reduce the bacterial counts more effectively than traditional drug therapy alone. A hypothesis is that the bioactive compounds in pumpkin seeds could potentially support immune function, contributing to a faster reduction in the bacterial load.

​The significance of this study lies in its potential to improve tuberculosis treatment protocols, particularly in regions like Majene Regency.​ This research could also lead to reduced treatment durations and improved outcomes for patients, aligning with public health goals to combat tuberculosis more efficiently.

This research was dedicated to developing a coffee-like beverage derived from pumpkin seeds, focusing on harnessing their remarkable antioxidant capacities. Pumpkin seeds are naturally abundant in antioxidants, such as carotenoids and vitamin E, which provide significant health benefits. This study was aimed to formulate a drink that mirrors the sensory appeal of coffee while delivering enhanced health benefits associated with antioxidants. The research’s goal is to create a nutritious beverage that aligns with dietary preferences. This project holds promise in contributing to the development of innovative health-driven beverages, offering consumers a functional drink that supports overall well-being and caters to the increasing demand for antioxidant-rich diets.

This project was aimed at developing an innovative nutritional intervention for managing hypertension. Hypertension, a prevalent health issue, often requires ongoing medication, and alternative treatments such as those derived from natural sources are increasingly sought after. Pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata) are recognized for their high content of beneficial phytochemicals like phytoestrogens, antioxidants, and essential fatty acids, which have shown potential in reducing blood pressure.

This research will focus on formulating a pumpkin seed extract capsule and determining optimal extract dosage while ensuring bioavailability and patient compliance. Key phases of the project will include extraction of active compounds, selection of appropriate excipients, capsule production, and rigorous quality control testing. ​The final product aims to offer a natural, side-effect-free alternative that can complement existing hypertension therapies.

The project's effectiveness was tested through a clinical trial conducted with patients at the Tamalanrea Health Center. This trial evaluated the capsules' impact on blood pressure alongside safety and patient satisfaction metrics.

Our project was designed to offer alternative nutritional intervention to combat stunting. Stunting, a critical public health concern, results from chronic malnutrition, especially during the first 1,000 days of life, impacting children's physical and cognitive development. Yellow pumpkin seeds are rich in essential nutrients, including proteins, minerals, and vitamins, which can significantly benefit pregnant women, enhancing their nutritional status and hemoglobin levels.

This study will investigate the administration of pumpkin seed extract capsules to pregnant women, focusing on their impact on nutritional markers and hemoglobin levels. By enhancing maternal health, the project seeks to create a positive prenatal environment that supports healthy fetal growth, subsequently reducing the risk of stunting. The project undertook extracting active nutrients, capsule formulation, and monitored supplementation in a targeted population of expectant mothers in Bone Regency.

The outcome will be measured through pre-and post-supplementation assessments of nutritional and hemoglobin status. ​By providing a natural, effective prenatal supplement, this project aims to contribute toward reducing stunting and promoting healthier future generations within the community.

The project titled "Effectiveness of Giving Yellow Pumpkin Seed Biscuits (Cucurbita Moschata Durch) to Pregnant Women to Prevent Stunting in the Stunting Locus Area of ​​Bone Regency, South Sulawesi" is designed to address stunting by leveraging the nutritional benefits of pumpkin seeds. Stunting in children can often be traced back to maternal malnutrition during pregnancy, affecting fetal growth and development. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of pumpkin seed biscuits as a dietary intervention to improve the nutritional intake of pregnant women.

We expect these pumpkin seed biscuits to enhance the nutritional status of pregnant women, particularly focusing on micronutrients like zinc and iron, which are critical during pregnancy. ​Improved maternal nutrition is expected to contribute to better fetal health, thus reducing the risk of stunting. The biscuits offer an accessible and culturally acceptable means of fortifying the diets of pregnant women, combining traditional food sources with enhanced nutritional value.

The study involves a controlled trial where pregnant women are supplemented with these fortified biscuits, and their nutritional markers are monitored throughout the pregnancy and postpartum. The goal is to assess the impact on birth outcomes, particularly in reducing incidents of low birth weight and subsequent stunting in newborns. This project is significant for public health, providing an innovative approach to combatting stunting in high-risk areas.

The project is focused on utilizing the nutritional potential of yellow pumpkin seeds to combat zinc deficiency among school-aged children. Zinc deficiency is a prevalent issue that can negatively impact growth, cognitive function, and immune health in children. Yellow pumpkin seeds are a potent source of zinc, containing other essential nutrients like magnesium, phosphorus, and healthy fats that support overall health and development.

The project involves developing a tasty and appealing snack for children, leveraging the natural flavor and nutritional content of pumpkin seeds. This initiative seeks to integrate these snacks into children's daily diets as snacks to enhance zinc intake. We expect this can address deficiencies without the need for artificial supplements. By focusing on a food-based approach, the aim is to improve children's nutrition sustainably and naturally.

The project will ensure that the snacks are both delicious and beneficial to children's health. By highlighting the benefits of pumpkin seeds as an accessible and effective intervention, this project aims to contribute significantly to improving nutritional outcomes for children at risk of zinc deficiency.

The research is funded by Collaborative Fundamental Research in 2023, Prof. Dr. Sri Oktawati, drg., Sp.Perio., Subsp.R.P.I.D (K) as the leader in this project. This project looks at bone regeneration after tooth extraction by administering 1% Metformin Gel and Xenograft.

The research was funded by Collaborative Fundamental Research in 2023, Dr. drg. Asdar, M.Kes. as the chairman and Prof. Dr. Sri Oktawati, drg., Sp.Perio., Subsp.R.P.I.D (K) as a member in this project. this project looks at bone regeneration after tooth extraction by providing chitosan and hydroxiapatite hydrogel materials from crab shell waste.

The research was funded by the Unhas Partnership Program in 2024, Prof. Dr. Sri Oktawati, drg., Sp.Perio., Subsp.R.P.I.D (K) as the head of this project. This project looks at the comparison of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in extracted teeth that have been given Calcium Carbonate Gel between Non-Cultivated and Cultivated Pinctada Maxima.

Research funded by the Unhas Partnership Program in 2024, drg. Nurhayati Natsir, Ph.D., Sp.KG (K) as chairman and Prof. Dr. Sri Oktawati, drg., Sp.Perio., Subsp.R.P.I.D (K) as a member in this project.

Suren is a forest plant classified in the genus Toona, which is one of the genus types of the tribe Meliaceae. Suren (Toona spp) is a forestry crop type that has a wide spectrum of utilization through product exploitation. its wood and light construction, its bark fiber can be used for paper making material, while the fruit and extract of surian leaves are utilized as medicinal material. Nevertheless, information on the types or species of Toona in the UNHAS Education Forest is still very limited, where there are still some types of plants of the Toona clan whose species names are not yet known. So far there is still ambiguity in the naming of some types of suren for which the Latin name is still unknown taxonomically. Hence, it is necessary to carry out identification against suren plant to know its species or type. The progress of tree breeding programs will be largely determined by the available genetic material, whereby the broader the genetic base involved in a breeding program of a variety, the greater the chances of obtaining increased genetic acquisition of desired traits, including the potential of endemic varieties to be turned into medicinal materials.
The research is in support of SDGS 15 which hopes to be able to protect, restore and support the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, manage forests sustainably, and halt biodiversity loss. The research objective is to obtain information and potential of Toona types based on genetic DNA barcoding and altitude ecology of highly prospective places for pharmaceutical and forestry needs of industrial crops and agar capable of being mass-developed in Unhas Education Forest.

Diospyros celebica BAKH is one of the blackwood species (family Ebenaceae) endemic to Sulawesi. The scarcity of D. celebica BAKH is in addition to being due to exploitation also due to its very slow growth and dispersal as well as not being widely cultivated commercially. In addition, the presence of interacting pathogenic fungi leads to the impairment of plant growth. On the other hand, the phyllosphere of D. celebica BAKH harbors potential biocontrol bacteria. This research attempts to conduct an investigation on microbes associated with D. celebica BAKH i.e. pathogenic fungi and potential biocontrol bacteria derived from the phyllosphere. Samples were taken from the uprights of D. celebica BAKH in the Education Forest of Unhas Forestry Faculty. Identification of pathogenic fungi was performed by molecular methods. Overall genomic data on both pathogenic fungi and bacteria of biocontrol potential were carried out by metagenomics approach and bioinformatics analyses.
The present study was conducted for one year with a metagenomic approach on Ebony phyllospheres for the search for potential biocontrol microbes. Research was conducted in the Laboratory of Biotechnology and Tree Breeding of Unhas Faculty of forestry. Identification and biocontrol as well as validation were performed at the BRIN Center for Applied Microbial Research.

This study aims to determine the effect of Inventory, legal audit, and asset valuation on the optimization of regional property management moderated by supervision and control. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative/correlational design, using multiple regression analysis to analyze the relationship between the dependent variable and the four independent variables. The research population comprises management officials in 32 local government work units. Partial research results show that asset inventory and valuation have a significant and positive effect on optimizing regional property management, while legal audits have no effect. Supervision and control can strengthen the relationship between asset inventory and asset valuation, while the relationship between legal audit and local government property management optimization is weakening. The results of this study can impact local governments as a consideration in setting policies to improve the optimization of local property management. We allow further research to provide a deeper insight into the external factors that affect the optimization of local property management.

This study identifies the biodiversity reporting requirements as part of environmental accounting in local governments in Indonesia. The establishment of a biodiversity reporting framework for local governments is closely linked to discussions on accountability issues. Through this identification, the study clarifies the patterns of biodiversity reporting to international demands. This research employs discourse analysis, which differs from conventional linguistic analysis. Unlike surface-level language analysis, discourse analysis goes beyond grammatical structures to reveal underlying meanings and implications that may not be apparent through traditional linguistic or grammatical examination. Many researchers fall into the trap of superficial linguistic studies, failing to capture the deeper contextual insights that discourse analysis aims to uncover. Urban, suburban, and post-urban development decisions at the local government level—such as regencies or cities—are often made in a fragmented manner, lacking comprehensive integration. As a result, local land-use planning frequently overlooks habitat loss and the decline of natural species. In recent years, numerous scholars have emphasized the importance of integrating ecological principles into land-use planning to enhance biodiversity conservation efforts. Several key questions emerge concerning the relationship between planning and biodiversity conservation: To what extent do local planning agencies incorporate biodiversity conservation into their policies and planning frameworks? Do policymakers adhere to guidelines provided by academics, natural resource institutions, and non-governmental organizations? How extensively are land-use planning tools utilized to achieve biodiversity conservation objectives? This study proposes a biodiversity accounting reporting model for local government implementation, serving as a reference for accounting scholars and practitioners in addressing biodiversity-related accountability within the public sector

This study examines the consequences of budget control on budget slack, a phenomenon that arises due to rigid budgetary constraints. Budget control is an integral component of management control systems in the private sector and has been extensively explored within management accounting research. A tight budget control model refers to a condition in which employees—particularly those in organizational management—are primarily evaluated based on their ability to meet budget targets. When managers are assessed through such mechanisms, they are held fully accountable for their performance as measured by budget outcomes. Consequently, access to organizational resources and career advancement opportunities is highly contingent on a manager's ability to achieve predefined budget targets. Managers who fail to meet budget expectations often face interventions from higher-level management, which may include resource constraints and, in extreme cases, limited career advancement opportunities. Under such circumstances, managers may develop self-protective strategies to mitigate the risks associated with budget target failures and the negative stigma attached to underperformance. One common approach is to negotiate easily attainable budget targets, effectively creating budget slack. Alternatively, managers may prioritize short-term performance improvements over strategic, long-term objectives. This tendency to focus on immediate results can undermine the effectiveness of long-term strategic goals, leading to short-sighted decision-making. The primary objective of budget control is to ensure that organizational agents adhere to established rules, regardless of whether these rules necessitate budget expansion or contraction. In essence, budget control serves to direct, motivate, and reinforce actions that align with the organization’s interests. Generally, budget control is executed through budget target-setting (expenditure limits for cost centers), evaluation of budget variances (both implicit and explicit), and performance-based incentives. A critical debate in the literature revolves around whether this cybernetic control process should be rigid or flexible. While some scholars argue that tight budget control enhances managerial discipline and efficiency, others highlight its potential drawbacks, such as reduced adaptability, excessive budget slack, and short-termism. The tension between strict and flexible budget control remains a significant area of inquiry in management accounting and organizational research, necessitating further empirical exploration.

The field of risk management is gaining increasing attention as a strategic area of study, particularly in response to the growing uncertainty organizations face, a challenge that became even more pronounced during the global COVID-19 pandemic. There is a clear rationale that heightened uncertainty correlates with elevated organizational risks. Empirical evidence indicates that many organizations experience failure due to ineffective risk management practices. This issue is strongly linked to budgeting processes, particularly in the context of risk-based budgeting and contingency budgeting, which have emerged as critical areas of discussion in both private and public sector organizations. The persistent uncertainty in the external environment also significantly affects local government organizations, especially in terms of allocating budgets for operational activities and reserve funds to manage or mitigate risks. Against this backdrop, this study seeks to analyze risk considerations in government budgeting in Indonesia. Key questions include: To what extent do local governments manage and mitigate financial risks? Has awareness of risk-based budgeting been effectively established? In response, this research aims to map existing risks and assess the implementation of risk management within government budgeting frameworks. Additionally, the study seeks to develop an integrated and sustainable risk-based budget management system that can be effectively implemented across all levels of local government organizations in Indonesia.

Community-based development, also known as participatory development, emerged as a response to the shortcomings of the "top-down" and authoritarian development models historically implemented by governments. This approach has gained prominence as a critical mechanism for stimulating economic growth and enhancing modern livelihoods, particularly during periods of economic downturn. In Southeast Asia, discourse on community-based development intensified following the late 1990s economic crisis, coinciding with broader movements advocating for decentralization, democratization, and collective action. The participatory approach is widely regarded as a means to enhance program adaptability, ensure more pragmatic implementation, and support long-term sustainability. In this context, participation functions both as a means and as an end in the development process. As a means, it seeks to empower communities by actively involving individuals targeted by development initiatives, thereby enabling them to strengthen their capacities and improve their quality of life. In the end, participation promotes equitable and effective development outcomes, as it facilitates targeted social change that prioritizes marginalized groups. In Indonesia, the role of community participation in development planning and implementation is reinforced through several legislative frameworks, including Law No. 25 of 2004 on the National Development Planning System, Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages, and Law No. 26 of 2007 on Spatial Planning. However, empirical research suggests that public participation in development planning remains largely distorted. Development initiatives are often structured as short-term “projects” with restricted budgets and durations, typically perceived as isolated sectoral interventions “granted” by the central government. These projects lack integration, continuity, and substantive community involvement, reducing the concept of empowerment to mere rhetoric. A similar pattern can be observed in other developing countries, such as the Philippines and Brazil, where participatory development frequently manifests as a superficial procedural formality rather than a genuinely inclusive process. Recognizing these persistent challenges, this study seeks to analyze and map participation-related issues in development planning, particularly within village-level participatory development forums (Musrenbang Desa). As villages represent the lowest level of governance with direct engagement in community affairs, understanding participatory dynamics at this level is critical to fostering more inclusive and effective development strategies.

This study examines the gender mainstreaming budget strategy, a framework designed to accommodate both the differences and similarities in the needs of men and women. In instances where needs diverge, budget allocations should be adjusted accordingly. It is well established that budgets impact men and women differently; however, government budgets have traditionally been aggregated without considering gender equality, leading to misallocations that fail to address gender-specific concerns effectively. Gender-sensitive budgeting serves as an analytical tool to assess the extent of gender-balanced allocations and to monitor the distribution and outcomes of financial resources. Several countries, including Indonesia, have introduced budgetary reforms incorporating performance-based budgeting and performance measurement systems. However, these reforms have not been specifically designed to assess the impact of government programs on gender mainstreaming. Despite this limitation, some nations have set targets to evaluate progress in gender-responsive budgeting in terms of outputs and outcomes. These efforts contribute to driving policy initiatives aligned with gender-equitable budget outcomes. In analyzing policy implementation, two critical questions arise: (1) What preconditions are necessary for the successful implementation of gender-responsive budgeting? (2) What are the primary barriers that hinder its effectiveness? The Gender Mainstreaming Budget Strategy is not only aimed at promoting transparency and efficiency from a gender perspective but also at reinforcing accountability as part of both international and national commitments to human rights instruments. Simultaneously, this strategy plays a crucial role in enhancing public policy effectiveness and reducing poverty by minimizing gender disparities in both the allocation and impact of public resources. As an instrumental policy tool, gender-responsive budgeting integrates gender perspectives into virtually all aspects of economic and social policy. Moreover, it ensures that budgetary allocations are adequate, equitable, and aligned with gender equality objectives, thereby strengthening governance and promoting inclusive development.

The increasing complexity of organizational environments, driven by deregulation, globalization, downsizing, and rapid technological advancements, has exposed organizations to a broad spectrum of risks. To ensure that organizational objectives are met as planned, these risks must be professionally managed through an integrated risk management approach, which necessitates a systematic evaluation, measurement, funding, and management of risks at the organizational level. Concerns regarding the limitations of conventional budgeting models in addressing uncertainty have prompted both academics and practitioners to explore alternative budgeting frameworks that can enhance the resilience and sustainability of organizational objectives. In the context of public sector governance in Indonesia, performance-based budgeting has been widely adopted. However, this approach remains susceptible to risks that may disrupt organizational operations, necessitating the incorporation of risk-sensitive mechanisms into the budgeting process. This study aims to develop a risk-based performance budgeting model for local governments and to advance the digitalization of risk management by illustrating strategic and budgetary formulations that integrate risk considerations over the lifespan of a program or long-term organizational plan. The research aligns with the strategic vision of Hasanuddin University, which seeks to establish a framework for good governance by 2030. Ultimately, this study contributes to the realization of sustainable development, taking into account global, national, and regional risk factors that influence governance and policy outcomes.

Description

This study examines the dynamics of budgetary contestation, particularly the mechanisms through which dominance is exerted in budget allocation discussions. The budget serves a crucial function in enhancing governance within governmental organizations, particularly in fostering accountability, transparency, and performance improvement. Over the past few decades, budgeting has evolved beyond a mere financial planning tool into a participatory instrument that integrates civil society in decision-making processes, commonly called budget participation. Empirical evidence from Porto Alegre, Brazil, has demonstrated that participatory budgeting can significantly enhance government accountability, transparency, performance, and community welfare. Additionally, it has proven to be an effective mechanism for addressing gaps in basic public services. The principles of budget participation align closely with results-based management, a framework that has been shown to impact community well-being positively. While budget participation in developing countries primarily focuses on infrastructure development and poverty alleviation, its implementation in developed countries is more oriented toward enhancing social services. The global proliferation of budget participation has led to extensive research on various dimensions of its implementation, including community engagement, governmental roles, and participatory success factors. However, recent studies present contradictory findings regarding the effectiveness of participatory budgeting, particularly in South American cities such as Porto Alegre. While early research highlighted its success, more recent analyses have identified significant challenges, including cultural barriers, participants' limited technical knowledge, and inadequate political commitment from local governments. The primary obstacle to the effectiveness of budget participation is the excessive control exerted by government actors over the budget allocation process. Building upon this discourse, this study seeks to uncover the mechanisms through which dominance is exercised in budget plenary discussions. To achieve this objective, the study employs Bourdieu’s habitus theory as an analytical framework, allowing for a deeper understanding of the structural and agentic dynamics that shape budget allocation decisions. Through this theoretical lens, the study aims to reveal the implicit power structures that influence participatory budgeting and its broader implications for governance and public policy.

This study looks at the biodiversity reporting requirements for local governments in Indonesia as part of environmental accounting. It links the creation of a biodiversity reporting framework to accountability issues and clarifies reporting patterns to international demands. The research uses discourse analysis, which goes beyond basic language analysis to uncover deeper meanings and implications. Many researchers miss these insights by focusing only on surface-level language. Local government decisions on urban, suburban, and post-urban development are often fragmented, leading to habitat loss and species decline. Scholars emphasize the need to integrate ecological principles into land-use planning to improve biodiversity conservation. Key questions include how well local planning agencies incorporate biodiversity conservation, whether policymakers follow guidelines from experts and organizations, and how effectively land-use planning tools are used for conservation. This study proposes a biodiversity accounting reporting model for local governments, serving as a guide for accounting scholars and practitioners to address biodiversity-related accountability in the public sector.

This study looks at how strict budget control affects budget slack, which happens when budget limits are too tight. Budget control is a key part of management systems in the private sector and has been widely studied. Tight budget control means employees, especially managers, are judged mainly on meeting budget targets. Managers who don't meet these targets may face resource cuts and limited career growth. To avoid this, managers might set easy budget targets, create budget slack, or focus on short-term gains over long-term goals. This can hurt long-term planning. Budget control aims to ensure employees follow rules, whether budgets need to grow or shrink. It involves setting budget limits, evaluating budget differences, and offering performance-based incentives. There's a debate on whether budget control should be strict or flexible. Some say strict control improves discipline and efficiency, while others argue it reduces adaptability and leads to short-term thinking. This debate is important in management accounting and needs more research.

Risk management is becoming increasingly important as organizations face growing uncertainty, a challenge that was highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher uncertainty leads to greater organizational risks, and many organizations fail due to poor risk management. This issue is closely tied to budgeting, especially risk-based and contingency budgeting, which are critical topics in both private and public sectors. Local governments are also affected by external uncertainties, particularly in budget allocation for operations and reserve funds to manage risks. This study aims to analyze risk considerations in government budgeting in Indonesia, asking how well local governments manage financial risks and whether they are aware of risk-based budgeting. The research will map existing risks and evaluate risk management in government budgets, aiming to develop a sustainable risk-based budget management system for local governments in Indonesia.

Community-based development, also known as participatory development, emerged to address the failures of "top-down" and authoritarian models used by governments. This approach has become important for boosting economic growth and improving livelihoods, especially during economic downturns. In Southeast Asia, discussions on community-based development grew after the late 1990s economic crisis, alongside movements for decentralization and democratization. The participatory approach is seen as a way to make programs more adaptable, practical, and sustainable. Participation empowers communities by involving individuals in development initiatives, helping them build their capacities and improve their quality of life, and promoting equitable and effective development outcomes by prioritizing marginalized groups. In Indonesia, community participation in development planning is supported by laws such as the National Development Planning System Law (2004), the Village Law (2014), and the Spatial Planning Law (2007). However, research shows that public participation in development planning is often distorted. Development projects are usually short-term, with limited budgets and durations, and are seen as isolated interventions from the central government. These projects lack integration, continuity, and meaningful community involvement, making empowerment seem like mere rhetoric. Similar issues are seen in other developing countries like the Philippines and Brazil, where participatory development often appears as a superficial formality rather than a truly inclusive process. This study aims to analyze and map issues related to participation in development planning, especially in village-level participatory development forums (Musrenbang Desa). Understanding participatory dynamics at the village level is crucial for creating more inclusive and effective development strategies.

This study explores the gender mainstreaming budget strategy, which aims to address both the differences and similarities in the needs of men and women. When needs differ, budget allocations should be adjusted accordingly. It is known that budgets affect men and women differently, but government budgets have often been created without considering gender equality, leading to misallocations that do not effectively address gender-specific issues. Gender-sensitive budgeting is a tool to evaluate gender-balanced allocations and monitor the distribution and outcomes of financial resources. Several countries, including Indonesia, have implemented budgetary reforms with performance-based budgeting and measurement systems. However, these reforms have not specifically assessed the impact of government programs on gender mainstreaming. Despite this, some countries have set targets to measure progress in gender-responsive budgeting in terms of outputs and outcomes, supporting policy initiatives for gender-equitable budget outcomes. Two key questions in policy implementation are: (1) What conditions are needed for successful gender-responsive budgeting? (2) What are the main barriers to its effectiveness? The Gender Mainstreaming Budget Strategy aims to promote transparency and efficiency from a gender perspective and reinforce accountability as part of international and national human rights commitments. It also enhances public policy effectiveness and reduces poverty by minimizing gender disparities in the allocation and impact of public resources. As a policy tool, gender-responsive budgeting integrates gender perspectives into economic and social policy, ensuring that budget allocations are adequate, equitable, and aligned with gender equality goals, thereby strengthening governance and promoting inclusive development.

The growing complexity of organizational environments, due to deregulation, globalization, downsizing, and rapid technological changes, has exposed organizations to various risks. To achieve organizational goals, these risks must be managed professionally through an integrated risk management approach, involving systematic evaluation, measurement, funding, and management of risks. Concerns about the limitations of traditional budgeting models in handling uncertainty have led academics and practitioners to explore alternative budgeting frameworks that can improve the resilience and sustainability of organizational goals. In Indonesia's public sector governance, performance-based budgeting is widely used, but it is still vulnerable to risks that can disrupt operations. Therefore, risk-sensitive mechanisms need to be included in the budgeting process. This study aims to develop a risk-based performance budgeting model for local governments and promote the digitalization of risk management by demonstrating strategic and budgetary formulations that incorporate risk considerations throughout a program or long-term plan. The research aligns with Hasanuddin University's strategic vision to establish a framework for good governance by 2030. Ultimately, this study contributes to sustainable development by considering global, national, and regional risk factors that affect governance and policy outcomes.

Recent data reveals that village heads are the most frequently implicated figures in corruption cases related to village budgets and funds, including Village Funds (DD), Village Fund Allocations (ADD), and Village Original Revenue (PADes). Concerns about the misuse of these financial resources intensified in 2018, coinciding with the 2018 regional elections (Pilkada) and the 2019 general elections. These concerns were reinforced by corruption patterns observed over the previous three years, as reported by Indonesian Corruption Watch (ICW) on February 5, 2018. In its report, Corruption at the Village Level (2015–2017), ICW documented 17 corruption cases in 2015, which sharply increased to 46 cases in 2016.

Given this situation, the involvement of village communities in governance, particularly in the budgeting process, becomes increasingly crucial. Research indicates that the mismanagement of village finances largely stems from village officials' lack of technical and analytical skills. Since budget formulation is a complex process requiring advanced expertise, the limited capabilities of village governance structures contribute significantly to financial mismanagement.

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This study examines the key factors influencing the marketing performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Various internal and external aspects, such as market orientation, digital marketing adoption, innovation capability, customer relationship management, and competitive strategies, are analyzed to understand their impact on business growth and sustainability. The research aims to provide insights for MSME owners and policymakers to develop effective marketing strategies that enhance competitiveness and long-term success.

This study focuses on developing a conceptual model that positions brand articulating capability as a mediating variable in the relationship between customer orientation and the marketing performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). By effectively articulating their brand identity and values, MSMEs can strengthen customer engagement, improve brand perception, and enhance overall marketing performance. The research aims to provide theoretical and practical insights into how businesses can leverage brand articulation to optimize customer-oriented strategies and achieve competitive advantages.

This study explores a model for improving environmental performance by implementing Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) and Green Innovation (GI) in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in South Sulawesi. By integrating sustainable supply chain practices and eco-friendly innovations, SMEs can minimize environmental impact while enhancing efficiency and competitiveness. The research aims to provide practical insights for SMEs to adopt greener business strategies, contributing to long-term sustainability and regulatory compliance.

 

This study examines the role of Green Supply Chain (GSC) and Green Innovation (GI) strategies in improving the competitive advantage and performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in South Sulawesi. By adopting environmentally friendly supply chain practices and fostering innovation, MSMEs can enhance sustainability, reduce costs, and strengthen market positioning. The research aims to provide insights into how green business strategies contribute to long-term business success and environmental responsibility.

This study explores the development of the Marketing MIX approach within the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to enhance tourism in Kerinci Regency. By integrating marketing strategies with technology adoption factors, the research aims to identify key elements that influence tourist behavior, satisfaction, and decision-making. The findings are expected to provide insights for tourism stakeholders to optimize marketing efforts and improve technological acceptance in the region’s tourism sector.

This study explores the development of the silk fabric industry in Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi, a region renowned for its rich heritage in silk weaving. The research examines key factors such as supply chain management, innovation, government support, and market expansion strategies to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of the silk fabric business. The findings aim to provide insights for stakeholders, including local entrepreneurs and policymakers, to foster economic growth and preserve the cultural legacy of silk production in the region.

This study raises strategic issues regarding the success of small and medium weaving businesses by examining the impact of innovation on the relationship between the business environment and the success of small and medium businesses that produce traditional Sengkang ikat weaving.

The sudy provides a framework for improving customer engagement strategies to increase profitability and competitive advantage in the highly competitive cafe sector.

Output : Managerial Ability and Monitoring Structure as a Mechanism for Improving the Quality of Earning and the Value of the Firms Listed In Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Place : Rainbow Paradise Beach Resort, Penang, Malaysia
Time: December 19-20, 2015

This research focuses on developing Tongue Smart, an electromyography (EMG) device designed to detect lip and tongue muscle contractions. The device serves as an innovative diagnostic tool for skeletal and dentoalveolar malocclusion, enabling more precise assessment of muscle function related to orthodontic conditions. By integrating advanced EMG technology, Tongue Smart aims to enhance early diagnosis and treatment planning in dentistry.

(Research and Community Service Grant by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology 2023)

This research explores the benefits of nano calcium derived from snail shells (Achatina fulica) during pregnancy and lactation in promoting jawbone and tooth density in offspring. By leveraging bioavailable nano calcium, the study aims to enhance maternal and fetal bone health, offering a potential natural supplement for optimal skeletal and dental development.

(Research and Community Service Grant by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology 2023)

This research was funded by C-BEST Research Grant 2018. This research conducted to identify environmental noise condition in the railway network, to identify and compare the noise mitigation technology that suitable for Indonesian railway condition, to simulate the noise mitigation measures for the railway network, and to evaluate the effectiveness and the efficiency of the alternatives for noise mitigation in the railway network.

Some issues discussed in this study area as follow:
a. The land use condition on the long way of the railway network that will be affected by train noise.
b. Guidelines and present information about the design and construction of the noise mitigation measures that suitable with the Indonesian railway condition steel needs to be improved.

This research output were development of a method to find a guidelines or grand strategy for the noise mitigation in the railway network focusing Makassar-Pare pare Line, based on the reference scheme that have been conducted in Indonesia and Japan.

 

This research investigates the concentration of particulate matter (PM) and its carbon components in roadside areas of Makassar City. By assessing air quality in high-traffic environments, the study aims to identify major pollution sources, evaluate potential health risks, and provide insights for developing air pollution control strategies to improve urban air quality in Makassar city.

This study aims to analyze the concentration of particulate matter (PM) and examine the relationship between traffic parameters and meteorological factors on PM concentration. The research employs an air sampling method at four locations within a school area using an Ambient Nano Sampler (ANS) for 8 hours on both weekdays and weekends. The analysis of PM concentration in school areas in Makassar City reveals concentrations for PM >10 μm, PM 2.5–10 μm, PM 1–2.5 μm, PM 0.5–1 μm, and PM <0.5 μm.

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