This project examines the role of community-based organizations (CBOs) in community conflict resolution through case studies in Makassar, Indonesia, and Penang, Malaysia. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews in Makassar, Indonesia, and Penang, Malaysia, this research analyzes six main functions of CBOs: prevention, dialogue and mediation, restorative practices, social capital mobilization, hybrid governance, as well as empowerment and inclusion. This study highlights the importance of strengthening community institutional capacity without sacrificing their social autonomy in building peace from the ground up.