Description
Many infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms. For example, typhoid fever and inflammation caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria and diarrhea disease caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. Continuous and uncontrolled use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance to antibiotics and result in the body no longer being able to overcome infections by these bacteria. Therefore, other active antibiotic ingredients are needed from natural sources. One of the marine biota that has the potential to be developed to obtain these active ingredients (secondary metabolites) is brown algae. One species of brown algae that is widely found in Indonesian waters is Padina australis, while several other species have not been widely explored. Preliminary research shows that methanol extract of P. australis shows antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity against E. coli and S. typhi. The long-term goal of this research is to obtain and utilize isolates or pure secondary metabolites from brown algae as the precursor to raw materials for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs after going through the in vitro test stage, preclinical test and clinical test. The specific target to be achieved is to determine the extract, fraction, and obtain isolates that are active as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory from several species of brown algae. The specific plan, objectives, and targets of this research are in line with the strategic issues of the Hasanuddin University research strategic plan, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, namely the management of Natural Resources with marine chemistry competencies with Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences research topics, namely the utilization of Seaweed (Algae), Seagress (seagrass), Sponges, marine microorganisms and Plankton. The methods used in this study include the sampling stage. extraction, partition, screening of antibacterial activity (with the disc diffusion method), and anti-inflammatory (with the HRBC method), fractionation (chromatography), purification, elucidation of molecular structure, in silico tests. The instruments used in determining the molecular structure are Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), UV-Vis, LCMS, NMR 1D and 2D.